黑龍江(jiang)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)植的(de)(de)對象是作物的(de)(de)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)或制成(cheng)丸粒狀的(de)(de)包衣種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)。它按(an)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)方式(shi)(shi)可分為真空種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)撒播(bo)機(ji)(ji)、條(tiao)播(bo)機(ji)(ji)和(he)(he)(he)穴(xue)播(bo)機(ji)(ji)3類。50年(nian)代開始(shi)大(da)量(liang)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)各類型精(jing)密(mi)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji),能精(jing)確控制播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)量(liang)、穴(xue)(株)距和(he)(he)(he)播(bo)深(shen)。70年(nian)代開始(shi)發展(zhan)的(de)(de)氣力排(pai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)精(jing)密(mi)播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji),其排(pai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)器(氣吸式(shi)(shi)、氣壓式(shi)(shi)或氣吹式(shi)(shi))利用(yong)正壓或負(fu)壓氣流按(an)一定的(de)(de)間隔(ge)排(pai)出(chu)一列種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi),實現(xian)單粒精(jing)密(mi)穴(xue)播(bo),與(yu)傳統的(de)(de)機(ji)(ji)械式(shi)(shi)排(pai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)器相比,具有播(bo)量(liang)精(jing)確、不(bu)傷種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子(zi)等特點。此外還有一種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji)械式(shi)(shi)精(jing)密(mi)排(pai)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)器。為帶施(shi)肥裝置(zhi)的(de)(de)懸掛(gua)式(shi)(shi)6行中(zhong)耕(geng)作物播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機(ji)(ji),能用(yong)于大(da)豆、玉米和(he)(he)(he)高粱(liang)等中(zhong)耕(geng)作物的(de)(de)條(tiao)播(bo)和(he)(he)(he)穴(xue)播(bo)。
黑龍江(jiang)播種機保(bao)養方法:
1)播種機在(zai)工(gong)作前(qian)應及時向各注(zhu)油(you)點注(zhu)油(you),保證運(yun)轉零(ling)件充分潤滑。丟失或(huo)損壞的零(ling)件要及時補充、更換(huan)和修(xiu)復。注(zhu)意(yi)不可(ke)向齒輪、鏈條(tiao)上涂油(you),以免粘滿泥土,增加磨(mo)損。
(2)各排(pai)種(zhong)輪工作長度相等,排(pai)量一致。播量調整機構靈活(huo),不得有滑(hua)動和空移現(xian)象。
(3)圓(yuan)(yuan)盤開(kai)溝(gou)器圓(yuan)(yuan)盤轉動靈活,不得晃動,不與(yu)開(kai)溝(gou)器體相摩擦。
(4)每班工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)前后和工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)中(zhong),應將各部位的(de)泥(ni)土清理(li)干凈,特別注意清除傳動系統上的(de)泥(ni)土、油污(wu)。
(5)每班結束(shu)后應將化(hua)肥(fei)箱內的肥(fei)料清掃(sao)干凈,以免化(hua)肥(fei)腐蝕肥(fei)料箱和(he)排肥(fei)部位。檢查排種(zhong)軸及排肥(fei)軸是否轉動靈活。
(6)每班作業后(hou),應(ying)把播種(zhong)機停放(fang)在干燥有遮蓋(gai)的(de)棚內。露天停放(fang)時,要將(jiang)種(zhong)肥箱蓋(gai)嚴。停放(fang)時落下開溝器(qi),放(fang)下支座(zuo)將(jiang)機體(ti)支穩,使(shi)播種(zhong)機的(de)機架上減少不必(bi)要的(de)負荷。
黑龍江播種機使用注意事項:
1、使(shi)用前檢查排種(zhong)(zhong)部(bu)件有(you)無(wu)缺(que)損,排種(zhong)(zhong)盒內有(you)無(wu)異物,并給需注油部(bu)件注油;
2、春播前應備足(zu)易損機械部件,以(yi)(yi)免耽(dan)誤(wu)播種(zhong),貽誤(wu)農時。種(zhong)子(zi)必須干(gan)燥干(gan)凈,不要夾雜(za)秸稈和石塊等雜(za)物(wu),以(yi)(yi)免堵塞排種(zhong)口,影(ying)響播種(zhong)質量(liang)。精(jing)量(liang)播種(zhong)時,種(zhong)子(zi)應嚴格挑(tiao)選,否則會影(ying)響播種(zhong)質量(liang)。
3、做好單口流量(liang)試(shi)驗,確(que)保播種量(liang)準(zhun)確(que);
4、做(zuo)好(hao)播種(zhong)各項(xiang)準(zhun)備(bei)。在(zai)播種(zhong)時(shi)要把握好(hao)播種(zhong)、轉(zhuan)彎、作業(ye)等事項(xiang),播種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)械在(zai)作業(ye)時(shi)要盡(jin)量避免停車,必須停車時(shi),為了防(fang)止“斷條”現象,應(ying)將播種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)升起(qi),后退一段距離,再進(jin)行播種(zhong)。下降播種(zhong)機(ji)(ji)時(shi),要使(shi)拖(tuo)拉機(ji)(ji)在(zai)緩慢行進(jin)中進(jin)行。
5、開始作業(ye)時(shi),液壓(ya)控制手柄應置(zhi)于浮動位置(zhi)。
6、作業(ye)中(zhong)注意(yi)安全(quan),防止發生安全(quan)事故;
7、作業中需檢修機具和清理(li)雜物應在機組停(ting)車放(fang)穩的情況下進行。
8、停車進(jin)行調整時,應切(qie)斷機器動力。
9、機器在作業(ye)狀(zhuang)態中,不準倒(dao)退或轉彎(wan)。.
10、機組(zu)轉彎之(zhi)前或長距(ju)離運輸時,應將播種(zhong)機升起,切(qie)斷排種(zhong)器(qi)動(dong)力。
11、機手在(zai)作業(ye)(ye)中應隨(sui)時(shi)觀察播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)機作業(ye)(ye)狀況,特(te)別(bie)要注意排種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)器(qi)是否(fou)排種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong),輸種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)管有(you)無(wu)堵塞(sai);種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)箱中是否(fou)有(you)足夠(gou)的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子。播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)拌有(you)農(nong)藥的種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子時(shi),播(bo)種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)人員要戴(dai)好手套、口罩、風鏡等防護(hu)工具(ju)。剩余種(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)子要及時(shi)妥善處理,不(bu)得隨(sui)處亂倒或亂丟(diu),以免污染(ran)環境和對人畜造(zao)成危害(hai)。
12、使(shi)用(yong)后把(ba)播種機清洗(xi)干(gan)凈,給鏈條等部件(jian)圖黃油防(fang)治生銹。